On this quiet night, I'll give you a little knowledge that I have had about DNA, although there are still shortcomings in the use of English, I really hope that you can give criticism and advice. Ok, let's get started.
In 1953, a scientist from British,Francis Crick and a scientist from United States, James Watson, has managed to find the molecular structure of DNA. Both managed to formulate a model of DNA structure which named as the structure of the Double Helix.
The basic unit of nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are called nucleotides and nucleic acids is a polynucleotide. Each nucleotide consists of three components that are connected by covalent bonds. These three components are pentose sugars, nitrogen bases, and phosphate groups. Pentose sugar called deoxyribose in DNA, while the RNA is called ribose. Nitrogen bases include the purine and pyrimidine.
Pyrimidine bases in DNA include cytosine (C) and thymine (T). Purine bases in the DNA consisting of Adenine (A) and guanine (G). RNA contain the same purine bases of DNA.However, the arrangement of pyrimidine bases in RNA is different, namely thymine replaced by uracil (U) so that the pyrimidine bases in RNA is different, the RNA is composed of cytosine and uracil. Phosphate groups on nucleic acids to form an association with a pentose via phosphodiester bonds. A nucleotide consists of the following sections.
Nucleotides to form a polymer or polynucleotide's the length varies. Complete DNA molecule may consist of several thousand to several million nucleotides depending on the species of organism. In contrast to DNA, RNA nucleotides to vary between 100-100000or more nucleotides.
The structure of the DNA double helix consists of two polynucleotide strands are entwinedin a spiral shape. The nucleotides that form a series with the deoxyribose and phosphate as the backbone (backbone). Two polynucleotide strand is complementary(complementary pairs) with each other since before there is always a pyrimidine purine or vice versa. Usually, dealing with thymine adenine, guanine, while dealing with a cytosine. Both nitrogen bases are connected by hydrogen bonds. The second strand has a nucleotide backbone antiparallel position that is usually read 5 'to 3'. DNA structure and its components can be seen in the picture below.
DNA has the ability to reproduce itself through the process of replication. This process is very important role when cell division will do. So the division of the daughter cells will carry the results of DNA replication so that the parent contains the same genetic material as its parent. DNA is also able to form RNA and protein synthesis for the benefit of other components required for protein synthesis in cells.
Thus the genetic material that I give. May be useful for all. Thanks for reading. Feel free to comment.
Any Questions???
